НАУЧНИ СТАТИИ И ПУБЛИКАЦИИ

[scutellator]

Понеже не знам къде другаде да го пусна, пък и не видях специална тема в която да се обръща внимание на това как функционират имунните системи при пчелите го слагам тук

[scutellator]

Отварям нова тема защото ми писна когато ми потрябва нещо да не знам къде да го търся. Темата за коментиране на статии от справочници и списания е насочена по-скоро като за малко по-начинаещия пчелар, а "Актуални новини" постоянно се претрупва със всякакъв микс от информация, където постепенно важните неща постепенно остават затиснати и забравяни.

ТУК ЩЕ СЕ КАЧВАТ ЕДИНСТВЕНО ФАЙЛОВЕ и линкове към тях, а коментарите ще се случват в някои от другите теми

[scutellator]

Yu Cheng Zhu, John Adamczyk, Thomas Rinderer, Jianxiu Yao, Robert Danka, Randall Luttrell, Jeff Gore (2015) Spray Toxicity and Risk Potential of 42 Commonly Used Formulations of Row Crop Pesticides to Adult Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae); Journal of economic entomology.

http://jee.oxfordjournals.org/conten...269#ref-list-1

и олекотената версия:
http://us1.campaign-archive2.com/?u=5fd2b1aa990e63193af2a573d&id=f9f6385be2&e=3ded1 f3a88


все още не съм имал време да го прочета

[Дамян Дамянов]

Seminal fluid of honeybees contains multiple mechanisms to combat infections of the sexually transmitted pathogen Nosema apis

http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.o.../1823/20151785

[m_pchelari]

Още два сериозни довода срещу мита за ползата от малките килийки. Всъщност "малките" килийки въобще не са били малки преди появата на восъчните основи.

As a possible way to help control varroa mites, some beekeepers advocate the use of cells smaller than the regular size commonly used by beekeepers. This paper addresses two of their principal arguments, namely that honey bees built smaller cells under natural conditions in thepast, and that a "fatal" error occurred at the turn of the 20th century when a new and allegedly misleading method of estimating cell density was introduced. Historical data show not only that cell sizes were not smaller in the past, but also that estimating cell densities was not an issue before the introduction of wax foundation. Moreover, not realizing that the two methods of estimating cell densities are equivalent, the proponents of small cells have erroneously corrected the data reported by the authors of the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. In conclusion, the claim that cells were smaller in the past is not only not supported by the historical records, but rests on a distortion of the historical records resulting from an incorrect transformation of the original data.

[m_pchelari]

Селекцията за пчели устойчиви на нозема Ц не е мит.

In the last few years successful queen selection and breeding has reduced the incidence of nosema in Denmark from around 70-80% to 10% or less. This is a significant achievement in a country with 4,700 beekeepers and about 170,000 colonies. Nosema levels have been the focus of their breeding effort for 25 years as the long, mild, humid, winters made this a major concern for Danish beekeepers. Nosema ceranae was detected in Denmark in 2003.

Queen breeding, as in much of the EU, is well organised, with 20 islands, peninsulas, and spits set aside by legislation for mating areas. Performance tests of the breeder queen's offspring are conducted, with blind trails and full publication of the annual results in the local beekeeping magazine. A crucial development in the early 1980s enabled digital camera analysis of nosema spore counts. The was provided by a school looking for a way to engage troublesome teenagers at E3.5 (NZD6.00) per sample, and now every April a 60 bee sample (of the over-wintered adults) is taken from all potential breeder queens (@400 colonies). Prior to breeding any with nosema are excluded.

With both resistant and non-resistant strains available researchers are much more able to investigate the genetic basis of the phenomenon. An early study in 2012 found, six days post infection, several immune mechanisms were (to use the jargon) 'up-regulated' in response to the infection. The heightened immunity was keeping the infection at bay. Last week another ( Open Access) paper described how the work is continuing, using a colony from Denmark and one from France. Mostly over my head, it explained the evidence for their proposal that N.ceranae interferes with the expression of a gene regulating programmed cell death (apoptosis). Infected cells should be 'killed off' and shed into the gut where they can be excreted, but by interfering with this process the parasite is able to delay or halt the mechanism so that it can continue to reproduce and infect more of its host. There is already evidence of programmed cell death in mammals as a response to similar infections by protozoans, and it is a well-known immunity 'tool' in wide-spread use across the animal kingdom.

Huang Q, Kryger P, Le Conte Y, Moritz RFA. (2012) Survival and immune response of drones of a Nosemosis tolerant honey bee strain towards N. ceranae infections. J Invertebr Pathol.; 109(3):297–302. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2012.01.004

Kurze C, Le Conte Y, Dussaubat C, Erler S, Kryger P, Lewkowski O, et al. (2015) Nosema Tolerant Honeybees (Apis mellifera) Escape Parasitic Manipulation of Apoptosis. PLoS ONE 10(10):e0140174. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140174

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/art...l.pone.0140174

[scutellator]

Eiri DM, Suwannapong G, Endler M, Nieh JC (2015) Nosema ceranae Can Infect Honey Bee Larvae and Reduces Subsequent Adult Longevity. PLoS ONE 10(5)

[Дамян Дамянов]

http://us1.campaign-archive1.com/?u=...d&e=41ba9491cf

Bee Virus Spread Manmade and Emanates from Europe

[Дамян Дамянов]

The Costs and Benefits of Resistance and Tolerance Behaviors against Varroa mite (Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman) in Honey bee (Apis mellifera L.)

Chapter 1: Literature review
Chapter 2: The effect of queen pheromone status on varroa mite removal from honey bee colonies with different grooming ability
Chapter 3: Influence of honey beegenotype and wintering method on wintering performance of Varroa destructor (Mesostigmatai: Varroidae) infected honey bee(Hymenoptera:Apidae) colonies in northern climates
Chapter 4: The potential of bee-generated carbon dioxide for control of varroa mite (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) in indoor overwintering honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies
Chapter 5: The influence of Nosema (Microspora: Nosematidae) on honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) resistance against varroa mite (Mesostigmata: Varroidae)

Bahreini-Rassol.pdf

(Заслужава си да се прочете)

[Sakar]

ВЕТЕРИНАРНО-САНИТАРНА ЕКСПЕРТИЗА НА ПЧЕЛЕН МЕД (лекция)
Автор: Доц. д-р Динко Динков

2013 г.


В лекцията са застъпени основните изисквания към пчелния мед и останалите 5 продукта на пчеларството:
пчелен прашец, пчелно млечице, прополис, пчелна отрова и пчелен восък.
Разгледани са главните технологични етапи при получаването, преработката в пчелини и пработвателни предприятия,
изискванията към съхранението, търговската реализация и ветеринарно-санитарна експертиза на пчелните продукти,
с оглед гарантиране на тяхното качество и безопасност.
Допълнена е и информация, подпомагаща приложението от човека за наслада
и хранителни цели на здравословните пчелни продукти.
Лекционният материал е предназначен за учащи се, пчелари, преработватели и всички заинтересовани
от качеството и безопасността на пчелния мед и пчелните продукти.

VSE_NA_PCHELEN_MED_Gl_as_Dinko_Dinkov_VMF_2013.pdf